Try “stout”, “Citra”, “Belgium”, “Oktoberfest” or “yeast”.

Brewing school

How beer is made

Four humble ingredients, a lot of patience and a little microbiology. Work through the course in order, or jump to what makes you curious.

  1. 01

    The Four Ingredients

    Water, malt, hops and yeast — meet the tiny cast behind every beer on Earth.

    Beginner3 min
  2. 02

    Malt & Malting

    How barley becomes malt, why base malts do the heavy lifting, and how specialty malts paint colour and flavour.

    Beginner4 min
  3. 03

    Hops: Bitterness, Aroma & Varieties

    Alpha acids, essential oils and a tour of the hop varieties behind your favourite pale ales and lagers.

    Intermediate4 min
  4. 04

    Yeast & Fermentation

    Meet the microscopic workhorse that turns sweet wort into beer, and learn why ale and lager yeasts behave so differently.

    Intermediate3 min
  5. 05

    Water Chemistry

    Why Pilsen's soft water, Burton's hard water and Dublin's alkaline water gave rise to some of the world's most famous beers.

    Advanced4 min
  6. 06

    The Brew Day, Step by Step

    From milling grain to pitching yeast: a walkthrough of the six core stages every all-grain brew day follows.

    Intermediate4 min
  7. 07

    Your First Homebrew: Equipment & a Simple Pale Ale Extract Recipe

    The gear you actually need, plus an easy, forgiving extract pale ale recipe to get your first batch bubbling.

    Beginner4 min
  8. 08

    Bottling, Kegging & Carbonation

    How beer gets its sparkle, how to prime bottles safely, and when it's worth graduating to a keg.

    Intermediate4 min
  9. 09

    How to Taste Beer Like a Pro

    Look, smell, taste, feel and finish — a simple method for tasting beer, plus how to spot common off-flavours.

    Beginner3 min
  10. 10

    Pouring, Glassware & Serving Temperature

    The right pour, the right glass and the right temperature can make a good beer taste great.

    Beginner4 min
  11. 11

    All-Grain Brewing & Mash Science

    Why a few degrees in the mash tun decide whether your beer finishes crisp and dry or rich and chewy: enzymes, temperature rests and conversion, explained.

    Advanced5 min
  12. 12

    Hop Chemistry & IBU Math

    What actually happens to hop acids in a boiling kettle, what an IBU really measures, and how to estimate bitterness with a worked Tinseth example.

    Advanced5 min
  13. 13

    Brewing Sour & Wild Beer at Home

    From two-day kettle sours to year-long funky fermentations: how to brew tart and wild beers at home without souring everything else you make.

    Advanced4 min
  14. 14

    Kveik & Farmhouse Yeasts

    Meet the Norwegian farmhouse yeasts that love a sauna, ferment in a day or two and shrug off heat that would stress ordinary ale yeast.

    Intermediate4 min
  15. 15

    How Non-Alcoholic Beer Is Made

    Take the alcohol out, or never let it in? The two big routes to non-alcoholic beer, what the labels legally mean, and why NA beer needs extra care.

    Intermediate4 min
  16. 16

    Storing, Cellaring & Freshness

    Why most beer should be drunk fresh, which rare styles get better with age, and how light, heat and oxygen quietly ruin a good pint.

    Beginner4 min